王毅在联合国人权理事会第46届会议高级别会议上的讲话【中英】

坚持以人民为中心 推进全球人权进步

——王毅国务委员兼外长在联合国人权理事会第46届会议高级别会议上的讲话

中华人民共和国国务委员兼外交部长 王毅

2021年2月22日

A People-centered Approach for Global Human Rights Progress

Remarks by H.E. Wang Yi

State Councilor and Foreign Minister of the People’s Republic of China

At the High-level Segment of the 46th Session of

The United Nations Human Rights Council

22 February 2021

主席女士，各位同事：

Mme. President,

Colleagues,

　　

很高兴代表中国政府向联合国人权理事会第46届会议致辞。

　　

It gives me great pleasure to speak at the 46th session of the United Nations Human Rights Council on behalf of the Chinese government.

　　

人类正在同新冠肺炎疫情进行艰苦卓绝的斗争。病毒是我们共同的敌人，战胜疫情是我们承担的使命，团结合作是我们唯一的选择。

　　

At this moment, humanity is still in a tough battle with COVID-19. The coronavirus is our common enemy, defeating the virus is our mission, solidarity and cooperation is our only option.

　　

这场世纪大流行给全人类带来巨大灾难。1亿多人染疫，200多万生命消逝，1.3亿人口返贫。全球不平等加剧，南北差距拉大，发展权受到新的挑战。同时，种族主义和排外主义进一步抬头，虚假信息和仇恨言论泛滥。个别国家热衷于利用疫情搞政治化、污名化，广大发展中国家获得疫苗的正当要求未得到重视和满足。

　　

The pandemic has afflicted calamitous impact on humankind. To date, COVID-19 has infected more than 100 million people, claimed over two million lives, and pushed 130 million people back into poverty. Global inequality is exacerbated, the North-South divide is widened, and the right to development is faced with new challenges.

　　

At the same time, racism and xenophobia are re-surfacing. Disinformation and hate speech are spreading. Certain countries are obsessed with politicizing the virus and stigmatizing other nations. Legitimate demand by developing countries for vaccines is not getting adequate attention, and their need is not met.

　　

面对百年未有之大变局和百年未遇之大疫情，如何促进和保护人权？这是我们必须认真思考、严肃回答的一个重大课题。中国主张：

　　

How to promote and protect human rights in the face of these unprecedented changes around the world and this once-in-a-century pandemic? It is a big question that must be answered with deep reflection. China holds the following views.

　　

第一，坚持以人民为中心的人权理念。人是人权之本，人民的利益是人权事业的出发点和落脚点，增加人民的获得感、幸福感、安全感是人权的根本追求和国家治理的终极目标。坚持以人民为中心，要体现在人民真正当家作主，参与国家治理和政治协商，体现在不断缩小贫富差距，促进人的全面发展。

　　

First, we should embrace a human rights philosophy that centers on the people. The people are what human rights are all about. The people’s interests are where the human rights cause starts and ends. Increasing people’s sense of gains, happiness and security is the fundamental pursuit of human rights as well as the ultimate goal of national governance. The people-centered philosophy means that the people should be the real masters of their country, and that they should take part in national governance and political consultation. It also means that the wealth gap should be narrowed, and that all-round development of the people should be promoted.

　　

第二，坚持人权普遍性与各国实际相结合。和平、发展、公平、正义、民主、自由是各国普遍认同的全人类共同价值。《联合国宪章》《世界人权宣言》为全球人权事业确立了崇高目标，制定了基本原则，各国都应遵循和践行。同时，各国国情不同，历史文化、社会制度、经济社会发展水平存在差异，必须按照本国国情和人民需求推进保护人权。

　　

Second, we should uphold both universality and particularity of human rights. Peace, development, equity, justice, democracy and freedom are common values shared by all humanity and recognized by all countries. The UN Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights have set out lofty ideals and basic principles for advancing human rights. They should be observed and delivered by all countries. On the other hand, countries differ from each other in history, culture, social system and level of economic and social development. Therefore they must promote and protect human rights in light of their national realities and the needs of their people.

　　

第三，坚持系统推进各类人权。人权内涵是全面的，既包括公民政治权利，也包括经济社会文化权利，其中生存权和发展权是首要基本人权。各类人权需要统筹兼顾，整体施策，多措并举，全方位、全领域、全过程系统推进。人权范畴是不断发展的，健康权利和环境权利也应置于更加突出的位置。

　　

Third, we should systemically advance all aspects of human rights. Human rights are an all-encompassing concept. They include civil and political rights as well as economic, social and cultural rights. Among them, the rights to subsistence and development are the basic human rights of paramount importance. We should take coordinated, integrated and multi-pronged steps to advance all aspects of human rights in all dimensions and fields throughout the whole process. The scope of human rights is constantly evolving, and the right to health and the environmental right should also be given more prominence.

　　

第四，坚持国际人权对话与合作。保护和推进人权是大家共同的事业，全球人权治理要由各国共同商量，人权发展成果要由各国人民共同分享。人权不是少数国家的专利，更不能成为向别国施压、干涉内政的工具。各国要恪守联合国宪章宗旨和原则，在平等和相互尊重的基础上开展人权交流与合作，推动国际人权事业健康发展。

　　

Fourth, we should continue to promote international dialogue and cooperation on human rights. Protecting and promoting human rights is a common cause for us all. Global human rights governance should be advanced through consultation among all countries. And the benefits of human rights progress should be shared by people of all countries. Human rights are not a monopoly by a small number of countries, still less should they be used as a tool to pressure other countries and meddle in their internal affairs. All countries should abide by the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, carry out human rights exchange and cooperation on the basis of equality and mutual respect, and jointly promote the sound development of the international human rights cause.

　　

各位同事！

Colleagues,

　　

对中国而言，今年是一个极其重要的年份，我们将迎来中国共产党百年华诞，开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家的新征程。在中国共产党领导下，我们成功开创出一条得到人民广泛拥护的中国特色社会主义道路，也成功走出了一条符合中国国情和需要的人权发展道路。

　　

This year is extremely important for China. We will celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Communist Party of China (CPC), and start the new journey toward fully building a modern socialist country. Under the CPC leadership, we have embarked on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics which is widely endorsed by our people, and found the path of human rights development that suits China’s national conditions and needs.

　　

我们实现了现行标准下农村贫困人口全部脱贫，提前10年完成2030年可持续发展议程减贫目标，圆了中华民族的千年梦想，是具有里程碑意义的人权成就。中国的脱贫攻坚不仅体现在人民收入和生活水平的提高，更体现在确保每一个人的教育权、医疗权和住房权。

　　

With all rural residents living below the current poverty line lifted out of poverty, we have met the target of eradicating extreme poverty set out in the Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development ten years ahead of schedule, thus turning into reality the Chinese nation’s dream of thousands of years. It is a milestone in our human rights achievement. China’s poverty eradication is not just about higher income and living standards. More important, it is also about ensuring every individual’s rights to education, healthcare and housing.

　　

中国建成了世界上最大的社会保障体系。这一保障体系涵盖养老、医疗、低保、住房在内方方面面。中国国内生产总值突破100万亿人民币，社会长期保持稳定，为推进中国人权事业奠定了坚实基础。

　　

China has put in place the world’s largest social security system covering elderly care, healthcare, subsistence allowance and housing. With its GDP exceeding 100 trillion RMB yuan and long-term social stability, China has laid a solid foundation for advancing its human rights cause.

　　

面对突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情，中国政府坚持人民至上、生命至上，始终把每一个人的安全和健康放在第一位，全力捍卫人的生命价值和尊严。我们还开展了新中国历史上规模最大的全球紧急人道行动，向有需要的各国和国际组织施以援手，践行人类卫生健康共同体理念。

　　

Faced with the sudden onslaught of COVID-19, the Chinese government has followed the people-first approach, put the safety and health of every person front and center, and made every effort to safeguard the life and dignity of the people. We also launched a global emergency humanitarian campaign, the largest of its kind since the founding of New China, to extend a helping hand to the countries and international organizations in need. It was one of our concrete steps to honor our commitment to building a global community of health for all.

　　

疫苗事关人民的健康权、生存权和发展权，是当前优先推进的工作。疫苗应全球公平分配，尤其是确保发展中国家的可及性和可负担性。中国是最早承诺将疫苗作为全球公共产品的国家，我们克服自身困难，正在向53个有需求的国家提供无偿援助，向22个愿意购买的国家出口疫苗，这些绝大多数都是发展中国家。我们希望所有有能力的国家携起手来，共同为此作出应有贡献。

　　

Vaccines concern the rights to health, subsistence and development of the people, hence the priority of our current endeavors. Global distribution of vaccines must be fair and in particular, accessible and affordable to developing countries. As the first country that pledged to make vaccines a global public good, notwithstanding difficulties at home, China is providing free vaccines to 53 countries in need, and exporting vaccines to 22 countries who have made purchasing requests. The overwhelming majority of them are developing countries. We hope that all countries that have the capability will join hands and make due contributions.

　　

各位同事！

Colleagues,

　　

中国支持世界各国本着相互尊重的原则加强人权交流与合作，但反对以双重标准对别国攻击抹黑，反对借人权问题干涉别国内政。

　　

China supports more exchange and cooperation on human rights in the principle of mutual respect. But we oppose using double standards to make slanderous attacks on other countries, and we also oppose using human rights as an excuse to interfere in other countries’ internal affairs.

　　

涉疆问题的本质是反暴恐、反分裂问题。中国新疆地区认真落实联合国制定的《防止暴力极端主义行动计划》，借鉴其他国家的类似做法，依法开展去极端化工作，完全符合《联合国全球反恐战略》的原则和精神。经过各族人民的努力，新疆地区已连续4年多没有再发生暴恐案件，社会安全稳定，发展持续向好，人民安居乐业。2010年至2018年，新疆维吾尔族人口增加近255万，增长25%，远远高于同期全疆人口13.99%和汉族人口2%的增幅。新疆各族劳动者根据自己的意愿选择职业，享有各项劳动权益，人身自由从未受到任何限制。新疆依法保障各族民众宗教信仰自由的权利，建有2.4万多座清真寺，平均每530位穆斯林就拥有一座清真寺。这些基本事实表明，新疆地区从来就不存在什么“种族灭绝”、“强迫劳动”和“宗教压迫”。这些耸人听闻的说法源于无知和偏见，纯属恶意的政治炒作，与事实完全相反。新疆地区的大门始终是敞开的，到访过新疆的各国人士都能实地了解到事实和真相，我们也欢迎联合国人权高专访问新疆。

　　

Xinjiang-related issues are in essence about countering violent terrorism and separatism. The Xinjiang region of China has been earnestly implementing the UN Plan of Action to Prevent Violent Extremism, drawing on similar practices of other countries and taking de-radicalization measures in accordance with law. All this is fully consistent with the principles and spirit of the UN Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy. Thanks to the efforts of the local people of all ethnic groups, there has been no violent terrorist case for more than four years in a row in Xinjiang. The region now enjoys social stability and a sound development momentum. And the local people are living a safe and happy life. Between 2010 and 2018, the Uyghur population in Xinjiang increased by nearly 2.55 million, registering a growth rate of 25%. This is much higher than the 13.99% growth rate of the entire population in Xinjiang, and far higher than the 2% growth rate of the Han population in the region. Workers of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang can choose professions based on their own will, and enjoy labor rights and interests. Their personal freedom is never restricted. Xinjiang protects the freedom of religious belief for all ethnic groups in the region in accordance with law. There are more than 24,000 mosques in Xinjiang, and that’s one mosque for every 530 Muslims on average. These basic facts show that there has never been so-called “genocide”, “forced labor” or “religious oppression” in Xinjiang. Such inflammatory accusations are fabricated out of ignorance and prejudice. They are simply malicious and politically-driven hypes, and couldn’t be further from the truth. The door to Xinjiang is always open. People from many countries who have visited Xinjiang have learned the facts and the truth on the ground. China also welcomes the High Commissioner for Human Rights to visit Xinjiang.

　　

香港国安法弥补了香港地区在维护国家安全方面长期存在的法律漏洞，开启了香港形势由乱及治的重大转折，有利于“一国两制”实践行稳致远，也保护了香港居民根据基本法所享有的合法权利和自由。近300万香港市民自发签名力挺香港国安法，近70%香港市民认为香港在国安法实施后更安全稳定，充分说明香港国安法深得人心。我们对香港的未来充满信心。

　　

The legislation on safeguarding national security in Hong Kong has plugged the long-existing legal loopholes in Hong Kong, and facilitated a major turnaround from turbulence to law and order. It is conducive to the steady and sustained implementation of the policy of One Country, Two Systems. It protects the lawful rights and freedoms that the residents of Hong Kong enjoy under the Basic Law. Nearly three million Hong Kong residents signed a petition in strong support of the legislation. Nearly 70% of the residents feel that Hong Kong is more secure and stable since the national security law took effect. All this speaks volumes about the extensive public support for the legislation. We have every confidence in the future of Hong Kong.

　　

主席女士，各位同事！

Mme. President,

Colleagues,

　　

我们刚刚迎来了中国农历牛年。牛象征着勤劳和力量，牛年预示着收获和希望。让我们携起手来，坚持以人民为中心，共同促进和保护人权，推动构建人类命运共同体！

　　

We are at the beginning of the Chinese Lunar Year of the Ox. The ox symbolizes diligence and strength, and heralds a year of harvest and hope. Let us join hands to promote and protect human rights with the people-centered approach and facilitate the building of the community with a shared future for mankind.

　　

最后，预祝本届人权理事会取得积极成果！

　

In conclusion, I wish this session of the UN Human Rights Council positive outcomes.

　　

谢谢。

Thank you.